A nofollow link is a link carrying an attribute that tells search engines not to treat it as an endorsement of the page it points to. Visitors can still click it. Search engines are simply asked not to pass ranking credit through it. Its opposite, a followed or dofollow link, does pass that credit.
Google now treats nofollow as a hint rather than a rule, and it added two cousins: sponsored for paid links and UGC for links in comments and forums. A nofollow link from a busy page can still send you customers. It just will not do much for your rankings.
The rel attribute on an anchor controls how search engines treat the link. rel="nofollow" asks them not to pass PageRank or anchor signals; rel="sponsored" marks paid or affiliate links; rel="ugc" marks user-generated links such as comments. Values can be combined, for example rel="nofollow sponsored".
Since 2019 Google treats all three as hints for crawling and ranking rather than directives, so a nofollow link may still pass some signal. Paid links must carry sponsored or nofollow to stay inside Google's link spam policies. Most forum and comment systems add ugc or nofollow to user links by default.
<a href="https://example.com/shop" rel="nofollow sponsored">Our partner store</a> 